4d — Maximized Image Inspection

Fibril picking mode · 4d User Manual

← Back to the Library tab · Library page · Fibril processing scripts

The maximized inspection view

In the Library tab, each dataset is shown as a small preview panel. Pressing a panel's Inspect button (or right-clicking the image and choosing Inspect) maximizes that image: it fills the whole Library area, a row of image-adjustment controls appears above it, and — with the FFT button enabled — a live Fourier transform of the region under the mouse is shown to its right. Press Esc (or Inspect again) to return to the panel grid.

This view is where fibril picking is done in projects running in Fibril mode (project mode 7): you mark filaments on the micrograph by clicking their two end points, sorted into up to five categories, and 4d writes them to .star files that the fibril processing scripts pick up.

Use the / arrow keys to step to the previous / next dataset without leaving the maximized view — the fastest way to work through a whole session of micrographs. Your picks are saved automatically as you go.

The window, region by region

The screenshot below shows the maximized view of a cryo-EM micrograph with fibril picking active and the live FFT displayed on the right. Each region is marked with a number; the legend that follows explains what each one is and does.

The maximized inspection view with numbered regions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
#RegionWhat it is and does
1Library tableThe dataset table stays visible on the left. The highlighted row is the maximized image; the fibril… columns show the pick counts per category. Selecting another row loads it into the maximized view.
2‹ › navigation arrowsStep to the previous / next dataset without leaving the maximized view — same as the / arrow keys.
3TitleThe current mode ("Fibril Picking") or the dataset name.
4MeasureMeasuring tool: click two points in the image to read out their distance (shown next to the button, in Å using the current pixel size). While measuring, fibril picking is suspended.
5Activate / Leave Fibril ModeThe master switch for fibril picking. Activating it reveals the Fibril1–5, Delete, Heatmap and Dots buttons; leaving it hides them again and deactivates any picking category.
6Fibril1 … Fibril5 & DeleteThe five pick categories — exactly one can be active at a time, and clicks in the image add fibrils to it. Each button shows its current count, e.g. Fibril1 (8). Delete (also Del/Backspace) removes all fibrils of the active category for this image.
7Heatmap / DotsOverlay the results of the fibril analysis scripts: the Heatmap (shortcut H) and the fibril Dots map (shortcut D). See the example below.
8FFT button & ? helpFFT switches on the live Fourier transform of the image region under the mouse cursor (region 14). The small square ? button to its right opens this manual page.
9Image adjustmentsSigmoid (tone curve with midpoint = median, width = 4×std), Contrast and Brightness sliders (50 = neutral). They change the display only — never the data on disk.
10Denoising & ResetA denoising filter (0 = off) for easier visual identification of filaments, and Reset to return all adjustments to their defaults.
11MicrographThe maximized image. In fibril mode, left-click sets a fibril's start point and a second left-click its end point; right-click on an existing fibril deletes it (or cancels a half-drawn one).
12Picked fibrils & FFT patchEach picked fibril is drawn as a line with circular end markers, colour-coded by category. The white square marks the patch currently used for the live FFT — it follows the mouse.
13Image footerThe image label with its Inspect button (leaves the maximized view), and the pixel size (Å/pixel) of the displayed image.
14Live FFTThe Fourier transform of the patch under the cursor, updated as you move the mouse. For amyloid fibrils, the layer-line signal near 4.7–4.9 Å is what you are looking for — a good indicator of whether a filament is worth picking.
15Resolution ringsRings drawn at the resolution band set below (highlighted here at 4.7–4.9 Å, the amyloid cross-β spacing). Toggle them with F.
16FFT display controlsContrast, Brightness and Blur for the FFT display, each with its own Reset.
17FFT size & zoomThe patch edge length in pixels (also settable with the scroll wheel over the image) and the zoom of the FFT display, each with a reset button.
18Resolution & pixel sizeHighlight resolution On/Off with the Lower/Upper bounds of the highlighted band, and — via Overwrite pixel size for FFT ring display — a Forced pixel size in Å/pixel, for when the value stored with the dataset is wrong or missing.

Heatmap and Dots overlays

Once the fibril analysis scripts have run, their results can be displayed directly on the micrograph: the Heatmap button (shortcut H) overlays the real-space filament-likelihood map, and the Dots button (shortcut D) overlays the detected filament trace points, colour-coded per detected filament. Both overlays combine with your own manual picks, so you can immediately see where automatic detection and manual picking agree.

The maximized view with heatmap and dots overlays 1 2 3 4 5 6
#RegionWhat it is and does
1Heatmap (active)Overlays fibrilpicker_heatmap.jpg — the reddish real-space map of where the analysis considers filament density to be high.
2Dots (active)Overlays fibrilpicker_fibril_dot_map.jpg — the traced filament points, with one colour per detected filament.
3Detected filament tracesThe coloured dot chains follow individual detected filaments; their colour distinguishes neighbouring filaments so crossings stay readable.
4Manual picks on topYour own picks (here yellow) stay visible above the overlays — the direct visual comparison between manual and automatic picking.
5Real-space thresholdThe threshold the displayed heatmap was computed with (a parameter of the fibril analysis script).
6Lateral distanceThe lateral filament distance used by the analysis, in pixels.
The overlays are image files produced by the fibril processing scripts in the dataset's working directory. If the buttons show nothing, run the fibril scripts for that dataset first.

Picking fibrils, step by step

  1. Maximize an image. In the Library table, press the Inspect button of a preview panel (or right-click the image → Inspect).
  2. Improve visibility. Adjust Contrast, Brightness, Sigmoid and Denoising until the filaments stand out. These affect only the display.
  3. Check the pixel size. The footer shows the Å/pixel of the image. If it is wrong or missing, enable Overwrite pixel size for FFT ring display and enter the correct Forced pixel size — the resolution rings depend on it.
  4. Switch on the FFT. Press FFT, set the Highlight resolution band (e.g. 4.7–4.9 Å for amyloid), and hover over a candidate filament: a clear layer line in that band means the filament is well ordered. Scroll over the image to change the patch size.
  5. Activate Fibril Mode and choose a category (Fibril1Fibril5) — e.g. one per morphology or per confidence level.
  6. Pick. Left-click one end of a filament, then its other end. The fibril is drawn and saved immediately. Right-click a fibril to delete it; right-click during drawing cancels it.
  7. Correct if needed. Delete (or Del/Backspace) clears all fibrils of the active category in this image.
  8. Move on. Press for the next dataset — picking stays active, so you can work through a session quickly. Press Esc when done.
  9. Compare with the automatic analysis. After running the fibril scripts, switch on Heatmap (H) and Dots (D) to check your picks against the detection.

Picks are stored as STAR files in the dataset's fibrilpicker/ directory — fibrils.star for category 1 and fibrils2.starfibrils5.star for categories 2–5 — written on every change, so there is no separate save step. The per-category counts also appear in the fibril… columns of the Library table.

Keyboard and mouse

Key / actionEffect
↑  /  ↓Previous / next dataset, staying in the maximized view.
EscLeave the maximized view and return to the panel grid.
HToggle the heatmap overlay.
DToggle the dots overlay.
FToggle the FFT resolution rings (requires the FFT to be on).
Del  /  BackspaceDelete all fibrils of the active category in this image.
Left-click (fibril mode)Set a fibril's start point, then its end point.
Right-click (fibril mode)Delete the fibril under the cursor, or cancel a half-drawn one.
Mouse moveMoves the FFT patch — the live FFT follows the cursor.
Scroll wheelChange the FFT patch size.
Double-click (outside fibril mode)Open the image in the external viewer.